MBE Advance Access published online on July 17, 2008
Molecular Biology and Evolution, doi:10.1093/molbev/msn155
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Research Article |
Evidence of Adaptive Evolution of Accessory Gland Proteins in Closely Related Species of the Drosophila repleta Group


* Sackler Institute for Comparative Genomics, American Museum of Natural History
Department of Biology, New York University
Corresponding author: Francisca C. Almeida, Sackler Institute for Comparative Genomics, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th St, New York, NY 10024, United States of America, email: falmeida{at}amnh,org, voice: 1(212)496-3675, fax: 1(212)769-5277
Received for publication March 13, 2008. Revision received May 8, 2008. Accepted for publication July 3, 2008.
Accessory gland proteins (Acps) are part of the seminal fluid of Drosophila species. These proteins have important reproductive functions, being responsible for the proper functioning of several steps of the fertilization process. Acps also contribute indirectly for the reproductive success of males by modulating female behavior. Evidence that Acps participate in sperm competition and sexual conflict includes findings that, on average, Acps have fast evolutionary rates, suggestive of adaptive evolution. This is especially true in species of the D. repleta group. Nevertheless, only in a few occasions have robust statistical tests been used to determine whether observed evolutionary rates are in fact due to positive selection on amino acid changes between related species. Here we apply maximum likelihood tests for positive selection on 14 Acps of the D. repleta group. To increase statistical robustness, we use at least 8 sequences, belonging to different species of the D. mulleri complex, for each gene analyzed. We found significant evidence of adaptive evolution for 10 of the tested genes. Among these, the ones with a conserved protein domain had positively selected sites within the functional region of the sequence. We also detected one instance of lineage-specific adaptive evolution in a clade formed by 2 sister species.
Key Words: Acp Drosophila repleta group adaptive evolution
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