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MBE Advance Access published online on September 3, 2007
Molecular Biology and Evolution, doi:10.1093/molbev/msm182
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© The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Research Article

WOX Gene Phylogeny in Poaceae: a Comparative Approach Addressing Leaf and Embryo Development

Judith Nardmann1, Roman Zimmermann2, Diego Durantini1, Erhard Kranz3 and Wolfgang Werr1

1 Institut für Entwicklungsbiologie Universität zu Köln, Gyrhofstr. 17., 50923 Köln
2 Universität Tübingen ZMBP Zentrum für Molekularbiologie für Pflanzen, Auf der Morgenstelle 28., 72076 Tübingen
3 Universität Hamburg Biozentrum Klein Flottbek und Botanischer Garten, Entwicklungsbiologie und Biotechnologie, Ohnhorststr. 18., 22609 Hamburg

Corresponding author E-mail: werr{at}uni-koeln.de

Received for publication June 26, 2007. Revision received August 17, 2007. Accepted for publication August 22, 2007.

The phylogeny based on the homeodomain (HD) amino acid sequence of the WOX (WUSCHEL related homeobox) was established in the three major radiations of the Poaceae family:Pooideae (Brachypodium distachyon), Bambusoideae (Oryza sativa) and Panicoideae (Zea mays). The genomes of all three grasses contain an ancient duplication in the WOX3 branch and the cellular expression patterns in maize and rice indicate sub-functionalisation of paralogues during leaf development, which may relate to the architecture of the grass leaf and the encircling of the stem. The use of maize WOX gene family members as molecular markers in maize embryo development for the first time allowed us to visualize cellular decisions in the maize proembryo, including specification of the shoot/root axis at an oblique angle to the apical basal polarity of the zygote. All molecular marker data are compatible with the conclusion that the embryonic shoot/root axis comprises a discrete domain from early proembryo stages onwards. Novel cell fates of the shoot and the root are acquired within this distinct morphogenic axis domain, which elongates and thus separates the SAM and RAM anlagen in the maize embryo.

Key Words: WOX gene family • Poaceae • embryo patterning • leaf development


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