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MBE Advance Access published online on May 21, 2004
Molecular Biology and Evolution, doi:10.1093/molbev/msh164
Molecular Biology and Evolution © Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution 2004; all rights reserved
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Accepted May 5, 2004

Original Articles

Differential Selection of Genes of Cucumber Mosaic Virus Subgroups

Benoît Moury 1*

1 Station de Pathologie Végétale, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, F-84143 Montfavet cedex, France

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: moury{at}avignon.inra.fr.


  Abstract

Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) has an extremely broad plant host range, a large number of vector species and a wide geographical distribution. CMV is therefore a model to understand plant virus adaptation. The selective constraints exerted on the five proteins expressed from the CMV genome were evaluated using newly developed maximum likelihood algorithms to analyse sequences available in databanks. The ratio between nonsynonymous and synonymous substitution rates ({omega}) was used to detect positive selection on particular codon sites. Amino acid sequences were conserved with {omega} ranging from 0.07 to 0.60 in different proteins. However, a small proportion of amino acids in proteins 1a, 2a and 3b, the coat protein (CP), were positively selected ({omega}>1). Moreover, the evolution of the CP in the three subgroups of CMV strains revealed different selection profiles along the sequence and significantly different speed of evolution at many positions. Constraints exerted by aphid transmission, rather than plant adaptation, seemed to be responsible for these patterns of evolution in the CP.

Key Words: positive selection, cucumber mosaic virus, cucumovirus, insect transmission, epidemiology


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