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MBE Advance Access published online on April 2, 2003
Molecular Biology and Evolution, doi:10.1093/molbev/msg062
Molecular Biology and Evolution © Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution 2003; all rights reserved
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Accepted December 4, 2002
© 2003 Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution

Original Articles

Phylogeny of Trypanosomatidae and Bodonidae (Kinetoplastida) Based on 18S rRNA: Evidence for Paraphyly of Trypanosoma and Six Other Genera

Austin L. Hughes 1* Helen Piontkivska 2

1 Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina
2 Institute of Molecular Evolutionary Genetics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park PA 16802 USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: austin{at}biol.sc.edu.


  Abstract

Phylogenetic analysis of 18S rRNA sequences from the families Trypanosomatidae and Bodonidae (Eugelenozoa: Kinetoplastida) was conducted using a variety of methods. Unlike previous analyses using unrooted trees and/or smaller numbers of sequences, the analysis did not support monophyly of the genus Trypanosoma, which includes the major human parasites T. cruzi (cause of Chagas' disease) and T. brucei (cause of African sleeping sickness). The section Salivaria of the genus Trypanosoma fell outside a cluster including the section Stercoraria of the genus Trypanosoma along with members of the genera Leishmania, Endotrypanum, Leptomonas, Herpetomonas, Phytomonas, Crithidia, and Blastocrithidia. The phylogenetic analysis also indicated that the genera Bodo, Cryptobia, Leptomonas, Herpetomonas, Crithidia, and Blastocrithidia are polyphyletic. The results suggested that parasitism of vertebrates has probably arisen independently a number of times within the Trypanosomatidae.

Key Words: Bodonidae, Evolution of parasitism, Salivaria, Stercoraria, Trypanosoma


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