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MBE Advance Access published online on March 5, 2003
Molecular Biology and Evolution, doi:10.1093/molbev/msg047
Molecular Biology and Evolution © Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution 2003; all rights reserved
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Accepted November 6, 2002
© 2003 Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution

Original Articles

Structural Heterogeneity and Genomic Distribution of Drosophila melanogaster LTR-retrotransposons

Lucía Alonso-González 1, Ana Domínguez 1, Jesús Albornoz 1*

1 Area de Genética, Departamento de Biología Funcional, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: albornoz{at}correo.uniovi.es.


  Abstract

Structural heterogeneity of five LTR-retrotransposon families (297, mdg 1, 412, copia and 1731) was investigated in Drosophila melanogaster. The genomic distribution of canonical and rearranged elements was studied by comparing hybridization patterns of Southern blots on salivary glands, adult females and males and in situ hybridization to polytene chromosomes. The proportion and genomic distribution of non-canonical copies is distinctive to each family and presents constant features in the four different D. melanogaster strains studied. Most elements of families 297 and mdg 1 were non-canonical and presented large inter- and intra-stock polymorphism. Non-canonical elements of these two families were mostly located in euchromatin, though not restricted to it. The elements of families 412 and copia were better conserved. The proportion of non-canonical elements was lower. The 1731 family is mainly composed of non-canonical, {beta}-heterochromatic elements that are highly conserved among stocks. The relation of structural polymorphism to phylogeny, transpositional activity and the role of natural selection in the maintenance of transposable elements are discussed.

Key Words: Transposable elements, Retrotransposons, Rearrangements, Heterochromatin, Drosophila melanogaster


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