MBE Advance Access published online on February 4, 2003
Molecular Biology and Evolution, doi:10.1093/molbev/msg025
Molecular Biology and Evolution © Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution 2003; all rights reserved
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1 Department of Biology, University of Oulu, POB 3000, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: laura.kvist{at}csc.fi.
The animal mitochondrial DNA is normally inherited clonally from mother to all her offspring. Mitochondrial heteroplasmy, the occurrence of more than one mitochondrial haplotype within an individual can be generated by relatively common somatic mutations within an individual, by heteroplasmy of the oocytes or by paternal leakage of mitochondria during the fertilization of an egg. This biparental inheritance has so far been reported only from mice, mussels, Drosophila and humans. Here we present evidence that paternal leakage happens in a bird, the great tit (Parus major). The major and minor subspecies groups of the great tit mix in the middle Amur valley in far-eastern Siberia, from where we found a bird that possessed the very distinct haplotypes of both groups. To our knowledge this is the first report of paternal leakage in birds. Key Words:
Keywords: heteroplasmy, hybrid zone, mitochondrial control region, Parus major
© 2003 Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution
Original Articles
Paternal leakage of mitochondrial DNA in the great tit (Parus major)
2 Institute of Zoology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Saarstrasse 21, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
3 Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Far East Branch; RAS, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia
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