Molecular Biology and Evolution, Vol 8, 1-30, Copyright © 1991 by Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution
DE Krane, AG Clark, JF Cheng and RC Hardison
C repeats constitute the predominant family of short interspersed repeats
(SINEs) in the rabbit genome. Determination of the nucleotide sequence 5'
to rabbit zeta-globin genes reveals clusters of C repeats, and analysis of
these and other sequenced regions of rabbit chromosomes shows that the C
repeats have a strong tendency to insert within or in close proximity to
other C repeats. An alignment of 44 members of the C repeat family shows
that they are composites of different sequences, including a tRNA-like
sequence, a conserved central core, a stretch of repeating CT
dinucleotides, and an A-rich tract. Cladograms generated by both parsimony
and cluster analysis subdivide the C repeats into at least three distinct
subfamilies. Nucleotides at sites diagnostic for subfamilies appear to have
changed in a punctuated and progressive manner during evolution, indicating
that a limited number of progenitors have given rise to new repeats in
waves of dispersion. C repeats that insert into preexisting C repeats
belong to subfamilies that are proposed to have been propagated more
recently; hence, these data support the model of dispersion in successive
waves. The divergence among the oldest group of C repeats is greater than
that observed for the analogous Alu repeats in humans, indicating that
rabbit C repeats have been propagating longer than human Alu repeats. The
improved consensus sequence for these repeats is similar to that of the
predominant artiodactyl SINE in both the tRNA-like region and a central
region. Because members of different subfamilies cross- hybridize very
poorly, hybridization data with representatives of each subfamily provide a
new minimal estimate, 234,000, for the copy number of C repeats in the
rabbit haploid genome, although it is likely that the actual value is
closer to 1 million.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Subfamily relationships and clustering of rabbit C repeats
Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802.
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