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MBE Advance Access originally published online on May 26, 2006
Molecular Biology and Evolution 2006 23(8):1480-1492; doi:10.1093/molbev/msl022
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Review

Cross-Species Annotation of Basic Leucine Zipper Factor Interactions: Insight into the Evolution of Closed Interaction Networks

Christopher D. Deppmann*,{dagger}, Rebecca S. Alvania{dagger} and Elizabeth J. Taparowsky*

* Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University and {dagger} Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins Medical School

E-mail: deppmann{at}jhmi.edu.

Dimeric basic leucine zipper (bZIP) factors constitute one of the most important classes of enhancer-type transcription factors. In vertebrates, bZIP factors are involved in many cellular processes, including cell survival, learning and memory, cancer progression, lipid metabolism, and a variety of developmental processes. These factors have the ability to homodimerize and heterodimerize in a specific and predictable manner, resulting in hundreds of dimers with unique effects on transcription. In recent years, several studies have described dimerization preferences for bZIP factors from different species, including Homo sapiens, Drosophila melanogaster, Arabidopsis thaliana, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Here, these findings are summarized as novel, graphical representations of closed, interacting protein networks. These representations combine phylogenetic information, DNA-binding properties, and dimerization preference. Beyond summarizing bZIP dimerization preferences within selected species, we have included annotation for a solitary bZIP factor found in the primitive eukaryote, Giardia lamblia, a possible evolutionary precursor to the complex networks of bZIP factors encoded by other genomes. Finally, we discuss the fundamental similarities and differences between dimerization networks within the context of bZIP factor evolution.

Key Words: bZIP • dimer • transcription • DNA binding


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