MBE Advance Access originally published online on August 17, 2006
Molecular Biology and Evolution 2006 23(11):2142-2160; doi:10.1093/molbev/msl087
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Research Articles |
Toward a Global Phylogeny of the Brassicaceae
* Department of Biology, New Mexico State University
Heidelberg Institute of Plant Sciences, Biodiversity and Plant Systematics, Heidelberg, Germany
Department of Biology, University of San Diego
Universität Osnabrück, Fachbereich Biologie, Spezielle Botanik, Osnabrück, Germany
|| Department of Biology, University of Northern Iowa
¶ Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
# Utah Museum of Natural History, University of Utah
** Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, Missouri
E-mail: dbailey{at}nmsu.edu.
The Brassicaceae is a large plant family (338 genera and 3,700 species) of major scientific and economic importance. The taxonomy of this group has been plagued by convergent evolution in nearly every morphological feature used to define tribes and genera. Phylogenetic analysis of 746 nrDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences, representing 24 of the 25 currently recognized tribes, 146 genera, and 461 species of Brassicaceae, produced the most comprehensive, single-locus–based phylogenetic analysis of the family published to date. Novel approaches to nrDNA ITS analysis and extensive taxonomic sampling offered a test of monophyly for a large complement of the currently recognized tribes and genera of Brassicaceae. In the most comprehensive analysis, tribes Alysseae, Anchonieae plus Hesperideae, Boechereae, Cardamineae, Eutremeae, Halimolobeae, Iberideae, Noccaeeae, Physarieae, Schizopetaleae, Smelowskieae, and Thlaspideae were all monophyletic. Several broadly defined genera (e.g., Draba and Smelowskia) were supported as monophyletic, whereas others (e.g., Sisymbrium and Alyssum) were clearly polyphyletic. Analyses of ITS data identified several problematic sequences attributable to errors in sample identification or database submission. Results from parsimony ratchet and Bayesian analyses recovered little support for the backbone of the phylogeny, suggesting that many lineages of Brassicaceae have undergone rapid radiations that may ultimately be difficult to resolve with any single locus. However, the development of a preliminary supermatrix including the combination of 10 loci for 65 species provides an initial estimate of intertribal relations and suggests that broad application of such a method will provide greater understanding of relationships in the family.
Key Words: Brassicaceae • phylogeny • nrDNA ITS • tribes • monophyly
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