Molecular Biology and Evolution 18:1147-1150 (2001)
© 2001 Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution
LETTER |
Deamination as the Basis of Strand-Asymmetric Evolution in Transcribed Escherichia coli Sequences
Department of Biology, University of Rochester
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona
Analyses of sequence evolution in Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica have revealed that the pattern of nucleotide substitutions in enterobacterial genes is asymmetric. The incidence of C
T transitions is strongly biased toward the nontranscribed strand of DNA, which accumulates such changes at a two- to threefold higher rate than the complementary transcribed strand. We previously proposed that the asymmetric distribution of CT substitutions was caused by strand-specific biases in the occurrence and repair of DNA damage during transcription (Francino et al. 1996
; Francino and Ochman 1997
). Two processes render mutations less likely to originate on the transcribed template strand than on its complement: (1) transcription-coupled repair is induced by RNA polymerases stalled at lesions on the template strand (Hanawalt 1995
), and (2) cytosine deamination is less frequent on the template strand, which is shielded by the RNA polymerase and the nascent mRNA, than on the
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