Molecular Biology and Evolution, Vol 14, 644-653, Copyright © 1997 by Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution
M Friedrich and D Tautz
We have studied the potential reasons for a conspicuous deviation of
substitution rates in Dipteran ribosomal genes. Systematic pairwise
relative-rate tests reveal that a significant increase in substitution rate
is characteristic for Diptera, but not for the other insects analyzed.
Estimation of sequence change in specific lineages reveals that most of
these substitutions took place during the evolution of the Dipteran stem
lineage. When related to the paleontologically documented periods of
absolute time, the substitution rate in the stem lineage of the Diptera
underwent an at least 20-fold increase compared to other insect groups and
subsequently dropped by a factor of 10 before the diversification of the
major Dipteran subgroups. Systematic comparisons of nucleotide composition
show that this episodic change in substitution rate was accompanied by a
significant increase in A+T content of Dipteran rDNA. Our data suggest that
the episodic evolution of the Dipteran rDNA has most probably been caused
by a change of directional mutation pressure which must have occurred
during the evolution of the stem lineage of the Diptera.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
An episodic change of rDNA nucleotide substitution rate has occurred during the emergence of the insect order Diptera
Zoologisches Institut, Universitat Munchen, Germany.
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