Molecular Biology and Evolution, Vol 12, 914-920, Copyright © 1995 by Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution
MD Shriver, L Jin, E Boerwinkle, R Deka, RE Ferrell and R Chakraborty
Genetic distance measures are indicators of relatedness among populations
or species and are useful for reconstructing the historic and phylogenetic
relationships among such groups. Classical measures of genetic distance
were developed to analyze biochemical and serological polymorphisms,
systems which generally show limited variability. However, these
traditional measures of genetic distance are inadequate for the analysis of
certain classes of variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) loci, which have a
larger number of alleles and higher levels of heterozygosity than
traditional genetic markers. At the higher levels of heterozygosity
observed at these loci, the standard measures of genetic distance are
nonlinear and do not account for the mutational mechanisms of hypervariable
loci. We have developed a measure of genetic distance, DSW, which is
appropriate for the analysis of highly polymorphic DNA loci. Using computer
simulations of diverging populations, we show that DSW conforms to
linearity and that the variance is similar in magnitude to traditional
measures of genetic distance. Comparisons of phylogenetic trees derived
from the simulated divergence of human racial groups demonstrate that the
branch lengths of trees prepared using DSW are more similar to the model
tree than those generated using other measures. Finally, we demonstrate the
applicability of DSW to evolutionary analysis by reconstructing the
relationships among eight human populations using 14 microsatellite and STR
loci. The phylogenetic trees generated using DSW are different from trees
constructed with traditional measures and better reflect the well-
documented ancient divergence of African and non-African populations.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
A novel measure of genetic distance for highly polymorphic tandem repeat loci
Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA.
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