Molecular Biology and Evolution 18:1828-1832 (2001)
© 2001 Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution
Increased Rate of Gene Rearrangement in the Mitochondrial Genomes of Three Orders of Hemipteroid Insects
Department of Microbiology and Parasitology and Institute for Molecular Bioscience
Tropical Health Program, Austrailian Centre for International and Tropical Health and Nutrition, and Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
The mitochondrial (mt) genomes of most animals studied so far are circular, are about 16 kb in size, and have 13 protein-coding genes (atp6 and atp8 for ATP synthase subunits 6 and 8, cox1–cox3 for cytochrome oxidase subunits 1–3, cob for cytochrome b, nad1–nad6 and nad4L for NADH dehydrogenase subunits 1–6 and 4L), two rRNA genes (rrnL and rrnS for large and small rRNA subunits), 22 tRNA genes (one for each amino acid except for leucine and serine, which have two genes: trnL1 [anticodon sequence tag], trnL2 [taa], trnS1 [gct], and trnS2 [tga]), and one major noncoding region (Wolstenholme 1992
). The arrangement of these 37 genes, especially the arrangement of the large genes that encode proteins and rRNAs, is usually conserved in a phylum but varies substantially among phyla (Boore and Brown 1998
). However, the arrangement of protein-coding and rRNA genes has
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