Molecular Biology and Evolution, Vol 8, 835-856, Copyright © 1991 by Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution
MA McClure
The retroid family consists of all genetic elements that encode a potential
reverse transcriptase (RT). Members of this family include a diversity of
eukaryotic genetic elements (viruses, transposable elements, organelle
introns, and plasmids) and the retrons of prokaryotes. Some retroid
elements have, in addition to the RT gene, other genes in common with the
retroviruses. On the basis of RT sequence similarity, the retroposon group
is defined as the eukaryotic long interspersed nuclear elements, the
transposable elements of (1) Drosophila melanogaster (I and F factors), (2)
Trypanosoma brucei (ingi element), (3) Zea mays (Cin4), (4) Bombyx mori
(R2Bm), and members of the group II introns and plasmids of yeast
mitochondria. The data presented here elucidate the extent of the
relationships between the retroposons and other retroid-family members.
Protein-sequence alignment data demonstrate that subsets of the retroposons
contain different assortments of retroviral-like genes. Sequence
similarities can be detected between the capsid, protease, ribonuclease H,
and integrase proteins of retroviruses and several retroposon sequences.
The relationships among the retroposon capsid-like sequences are congruent
with the RT sequence phylogeny. In contrast, the similarity between
ribonuclease H sequences varies in different subbranches of the retroposon
lineage. These data suggest that xenologous recombination (i.e., the
replacement of a homologous resident gene by a homologous foreign gene)
and/or independent gene assortment have played a role in the evolution of
the retroposons.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Evolution of retroposons by acquisition or deletion of retrovirus-like genes
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine 92717.
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