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MBE Advance Access originally published online on February 23, 2008
Molecular Biology and Evolution 2008 25(6):1093-1098; doi:10.1093/molbev/msn054
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© The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Research Articles

Ancient DNA Identification of Early 20th Century Simian T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1

Sébastien Calvignac*, Jean-Michel Terme{dagger}, Shannon M. Hensley{ddagger}, Pierre Jalinot{dagger}, Alex D. Greenwood{ddagger} and Catherine Hänni*

* Université de Lyon, Paléogénétique et Evolution Moléculaire, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, INRA, CNRS, UCB-Lyon I, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
{dagger} Université de Lyon, Contrôle de l'Expression Génétique et Oncogénése Virale, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire de la Cellule, CNRS, UCB-Lyon I, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
{ddagger} Department of Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University

E-mail: catherine.hanni{at}ens-lyon.fr

Accepted for publication February 19, 2008.

The molecular identification of proviruses from ancient tissues (and particularly from bones) remains a contentious issue. It can be expected that the copy number of proviruses will be low, which magnifies the risk of contamination with retroviruses from exogenous sources. To assess the feasibility of paleoretrovirological studies, we attempted to identify proviruses from early 20th century bones of museum specimens while following a strict ancient DNA methodology. Simian T-cell leukemia virus type 1 sequences were successfully obtained and authenticated from a Chlorocebus pygerythrus specimen. This represents the first clear evidence that it will be possible to use museum specimens to better characterize simian and human T-tropic retrovirus genetic diversity and analyze their origin and evolution, in greater detail.

Key Words: ancient DNA • STLV-1 • SIV • Chlorocebus

Robin Bush, Associate Editor


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