MBE Advance Access originally published online on June 26, 2006
Molecular Biology and Evolution 2006 23(9):1648-1651; doi:10.1093/molbev/msl046
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Letter |
Evidence that the Root of the Tree of Life Is Not within the Archaea

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* Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles;
UCLA Astrobiology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles;
Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles; and
Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles
E-mail: lake{at}mbi.ucla.edu.
The Archaea occupy uncommon and extreme habitats around the world. They manufacture unusual compounds, utilize novel metabolic pathways, and contain many unique genes. Many suspect, due to their novel properties, that the root of the tree of life may be within the Archaea, although there is little direct evidence for this root. Here, using gene insertions and deletions found within protein synthesis factors present in all prokaryotes and eukaryotes, we present statistically significant evidence that the root of life is outside the Archaea.
Key Words: tree of life root indels Archaea cenancestor