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MBE Advance Access originally published online on October 13, 2004
Molecular Biology and Evolution 2005 22(2):273-284; doi:10.1093/molbev/msi015
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Molecular Biology and Evolution vol. 22 no. 2 © Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution 2005; all rights reserved.

Research Article

Excess of Amino Acid Substitutions Relative to Polymorphism Between X-Linked Duplications in Drosophila melanogaster

Kevin Thornton*,1 and Manyuan Long*

* Department of Ecology and Evolution and the Committee on Genetiecs, University of Chicago

We have obtained sequence polymorphism data from 13 genes belonging to 5 gene families in Drosophila melanogaster where the Ka/Ks between copies is greater than 1. Twelve of these 13 loci are X-linked. In general, there is evidence of purifying selection in all families, as inferred both from levels of silent and replacement variation and insertion/deletion variation, suggesting that the loci are likely functional. Shared polymorphisms indicative of gene conversion between paralogs are rare among the X-linked families, in contrast to available data from autosomal duplicates. McDonald-Kreitman tests between duplicates reveal an excess of amino-acid fixations between copies in the X-linked families, suggesting that the divergence between these loci was driven by positive selection. In contrast, available data from autosomal duplicates show a deficit of fixations, consistent with gene conversion being a strong homogenizing force.

Key Words: Drosophila • gene duplicates • positive selection • pseudogenes • polymorphism • concerted evolution


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