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MBE Advance Access originally published online on February 12, 2004
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Mol. Biol. Evol. 21(6):1008-1013. 2004
DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msh076
© 2004 by the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution. ISSN: 0737-4038

Two Patterns of Genome Organization in Mammals: the Chromosomal Distribution of Duplicate Genes in Human and Mouse

Robert Friedman and Austin L. Hughes

Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia

E-mail: austin{at}biol.sc.edu.

Gene duplication occurs repeatedly in the evolution of genomes, and the rearrangement of genomic segments has also occurred repeatedly over the evolution of eukaryotes. We studied the interaction of these two factors in mammalian evolution by comparing the chromosomal distribution of multigene families in human and mouse. In both species, gene families tended to be confined to a single chromosome to a greater extent than expected by chance. The average number of families shared between chromosomes was nearly 60% higher in mouse than in human, and human chromosomes rarely shared large numbers of gene families with more than one or two other chromosomes, whereas mouse chromosomes frequently did so. A higher proportion of duplicate gene pairs on the same chromosome originated from recent duplications in human than in mouse, whereas a higher proportion of duplicate gene pairs on separate chromosomes arose from ancient duplications in human than in mouse. These observations are most easily explained by the hypotheses that (1) most gene duplications arise in tandem and are subsequently separated by segmental rearrangement events, and (2) that the process of segmental rearrangement has occurred at a higher rate in the lineage of mouse than in that of human.

Key Words: chromosome evolution • gene duplication • genome evolution • nucleotide substitution • segmental rearrangement


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