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MBE Advance Access originally published online on April 25, 2003
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Mol. Biol. Evol. 20(6):979-987. 2003
DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msg107
© 2003 by the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution. ISSN: 0737-4038

Genome-Wide Survey for Genes Horizontally Transferred from Cellular Organisms to Baculoviruses

Austin L. Hughes and Robert Friedman1

Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia

The phylogeny of 13 viral species in the genera Granulovirus and Nucleopolyhedrovirus (family Baculoviridae) was reconstructed on the basis of 22 conserved protein families shared by all species, and a comprehensive homology search and phylogenetic analysis of the complete genomes of these viruses was used to test for horizontal gene transfer from cellular organisms. Statistically significant evidence of horizontal transfer was found in the case of six protein families (DNA ligase, ribonucleotide reductase 1, SNF2 global transactivator, inhibitor of apoptosis, chitinase, and UDP-glucosyltransferase). Three of these families are known to play key roles in the infection of insect hosts by these viruses. There was evidence that two of these (inhibitor of apoptosis and UDP-glucosyltransferase) were derived from the insect host. By contrast, the gene encoding chitinase in these viruses was evidently derived from a group of bacteria (the gamma subdivision of proteobacteria), which use chitinase to break down fungal chitins.

Key Words: Baculoviridae • chitinase • gene capture • horizontal gene transfer • UDP-glucosyl transferase • viral evolution


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