MBE Advance Access originally published online on March 5, 2003
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Mol. Biol. Evol. 20(3):401-409. 2003
DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msg047
© 2003 by the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution. ISSN: 0737-4038
Structural Heterogeneity and Genomic Distribution of Drosophila melanogaster LTR-Retrotransposons
Area de Genética, Departamento de Biología Funcional, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
Structural heterogeneity of five long terminal repeat (LTR) retrotransposon families (297, mdg 1, 412, copia, and 1731) was investigated in Drosophila melanogaster. The genomic distribution of canonical and rearranged elements was studied by comparing hybridization patterns of Southern blots on salivary glands from adult females and males with in situ hybridization on polytene chromosomes. The proportion and genomic distribution of noncanonical copies is distinctive to each family and presents constant features in the four different D. melanogaster strains studied. Most elements of families 297 and mdg 1 were noncanonical and presented large interstock and intrastock polymorphism. Noncanonical elements of these two families were mostly located in euchromatin, although not restricted to it. The elements of families 412 and copia were better conserved. The proportion of noncanonical elements was lower. The 1731 family is mainly composed of noncanonical, ß-heterochromatic elements that are highly conserved among stocks. The relation of structural polymorphism to phylogeny, transpositional activity and the role of natural selection in the maintenance of transposable elements are discussed.
Key Words: Transposable elements retrotransposons rearrangements heterochromatin Drosophila melanogaster
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