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Molecular Biology and Evolution, Vol 2, 514-525, Copyright © 1985 by Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution

ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Structure and organization of the bovine beta-globin genes

JC Schimenti and CH Duncan
Children's Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229.

Genomic clones spanning the entire cow beta-globin gene locus have been isolated and characterized. These clones demonstrate that the linkage of embryonic-like (epsilon) genes and pseudogenes (psi) to the previously described fetal (gamma) and adult (beta) genes is as follows: 5'-epsilon 3-epsilon 4-psi 3-beta-epsilon 1-epsilon 2-psi 1- psi 2-gamma-3'. Present data indicate that, like that of the goat, the fetal and adult genes arose via block duplication of an ancestral four- gene set: epsilon-epsilon-psi-beta. This duplication event preceded the divergence of cows and goats, which occurred greater than or equal to 18-20 Myr ago. However, cows do not have the additional four-gene block containing a preadult/stress globin gene (beta C). Furthermore, the cow fetal cluster contains an extra beta-like pseudogene, which apparently arose by a small-scale duplication. The fixation of this duplication may indicate a possible evolutionary role for pseudogenes.
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This article has been cited by other articles:


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 Mol Biol EvolHome page
F. G. Hoffmann, J. C. Opazo, and J. F. Storz
New Genes Originated via Multiple Recombinational Pathways in the {beta}-Globin Gene Family of Rodents
Mol. Biol. Evol., December 1, 2008; 25(12): 2589 - 2600.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
J. C. Opazo, F. G. Hoffmann, and J. F. Storz
Differential loss of embryonic globin genes during the radiation of placental mammals
PNAS, September 2, 2008; 105(35): 12950 - 12955.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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