Molecular Biology and Evolution, Vol 16, 1238-1250, Copyright © 1999 by Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution
I Ogiwara, M Miya, K Ohshima and N Okada
Some previously unidentified short interspersed repetitive elements (SINEs)
and long interspersed repetitive element (LINEs) were isolated from various
higher elasmobranchs (sharks, skates, and rays) and characterized. These
SINEs, members of the HE1 SINE family, were tRNA- derived and were
widespread in higher elasmobranches. The 3'-tail region of this SINE family
was strongly conserved among elasmobranchs. The LINEs, members of the HER1
LINE family, encoded an amino acid sequence similar to that encoded by the
chicken CR1 LINE family, and they contained a strongly conserved 3'-tail
region in the 3' untranslated region. This tail region of the HER1 LINE
family was almost identical to that of the HE1 SINE family. Thus, the HE1
SINE family and the HER1 LINE family provide a clear example of a pair of
SINEs and LINEs that share the same tail region. Conservation of the
secondary structures of the tail regions, as well as of the nucleotide
sequences, between the HE1 SINE family and HER1 LINE family during
evolution suggests that SINEs utilize the enzymatic machinery for
retroposition of LINEs through the recognition of higher-order structures
of the conserved 3'-tail region. A discussion is presented of the
parasitism of SINEs on LINEs during the evolution of these retroposons.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Retropositional parasitism of SINEs on LINEs: identification of SINEs and LINEs in elasmobranchs
Faculty of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan.
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