Molecular Biology and Evolution, Vol 16, 1046-1060, Copyright © 1999 by Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution
M Shimamura, H Abe, M Nikaido, K Ohshima and N Okada
Several novel (sub)families of SINEs were isolated from the genomes of
cetaceans and artiodactyls, and their sequences were determined. From
comparisons of diagnostic nucleotides among the short interspersed
repetitive elements (SINEs) in these (sub)families, we were able to draw
the following conclusions. (1) After the divergence of the suborder
Tylopoda (camels), the CHRS family of SINEs was newly created from
tRNA(Glu) in a common ancestor of the lineages of the Suina (pigs and
peccaries), Ruminantia (cows and deer), and Cetacea (whales and dolphins).
(2) After divergence of the Suina lineage, the CHR-1 SINE and the CHR-2
SINE were generated successively in a common ancestor of ruminants,
hippopotamuses, and cetaceans. (3) In the Ruminantia lineage, the Bov-tA
SINE was generated by recombination between the CHR- 2 SINE and Bov-A. (4)
In the Suina lineage, the CHRS-S SINE was generated from the CHRS SINE. (5)
In this latter lineage, the PRE-1 family of SINEs was created by insertion
of part of the gene for tRNA(Arg) into the 5' region of the CHRS-S family.
The distribution of a particular family of SINEs among species of
artiodactyls and cetaceans confirmed the most recent conclusion for
paraphyly of the order Artiodactyla. The present study also revealed that a
newly created tRNA(Glu)-derived family of SINEs was subjected both to
recombination with different units and to duplication of an internal
sequence within a SINE unit to generate, during evolution, a huge
superfamily of tRNA(Glu)-related families of SINEs that are now found in
the genomes of artiodactyls and cetaceans.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Genealogy of families of SINEs in cetaceans and artiodactyls: the presence of a huge superfamily of tRNA(Glu)-derived families of SINEs
Faculty of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa, Japan.
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