Molecular Biology and Evolution, Vol 16, 741-749, Copyright © 1999 by Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution
EC Holmes, R Urwin and MC Maiden
The extent to which recombination disrupts the bifurcating treelike
phylogeny and clonal structure imposed by binary fission on bacterial
populations remains contentious. Here, we address this question with a
study of nucleotide sequence data from 107 isolates of the human pathogen
Neisseria meningitidis. Gene fragments from 12 house-keeping loci
distributed around the meningococcal chromosome were analyzed, showing that
(1) identical alleles are disseminated among genetically diverse isolates,
with no evidence for linkage disequilibrium; (2) different loci give
distinct and incongruent phylogenetic trees; and (3) allele sequences are
incompatible with a bifurcating treelike phylogeny at all loci. These
observations are consistent with the hypothesis that meningococcal
populations comprise organisms assembled from a common gene pool, with
alleles and allele fragments spreading independently, together with the
occasional importation of genetic material from other species. Further,
they support the view that recombination is an important genetic mechanism
in the generation new meningococcal clones and alleles. Consequently, for
anything other than the short-term evolution of this species, a bifurcating
treelike phylogeny is not an appropriate model.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
The influence of recombination on the population structure and evolution of the human pathogen Neisseria meningitidis
Wellcome Trust Centre for the Epidemiology of Infectious Disease, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom.
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