Molecular Biology and Evolution, Vol 16, 655-665, Copyright © 1999 by Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution
H Quesada, R Wenne and DO Skibinski
Mussels of the genus Mytilus have distinct and highly diverged male and
female mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genomes with separate routes of
inheritance. Previous studies of European populations of Mytilus trossulus
demonstrated that 33% of males are heteroplasmic for a second mtDNA genome
of increased length and that hybridization with Mytilus edulis does not
block mtDNA introgression, in contrast to reports for American populations.
Here, we demonstrate that the female mtDNA type of M. edulis has replaced
the resident female mtDNA type of European M. trossulus. This is supported
by COIII sequence data indicating that the female mtDNA of European M.
trossulus is very similar to that of M. edulis and that in phylogenetic
trees, the mtDNAs of these two species cluster together but separately from
American M. trossulus sequences, the latter not being disturbed by
introgressive hybridization. We also provide evidence that the mtDNA genome
of increased length found in heteroplasmic males of European M. trossulus
derives from a recent partition of an introgressed M. edulis female type
into the male route of transmission. Neutrality tests reveal that European
populations of M. trossulus display an excess of replacement polymorphism
within the female mtDNA type with respect to conspecific American
populations, as well as a significant excess of rare variants, of a similar
magnitude to those previously reported for the invading European M. edulis
mtDNA. Results are consistent with a nearly neutral model of molecular
evolution and suggest that selection acting on European M. trossulus mtDNA
is largely independent of the nuclear genetic background.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Interspecies transfer of female mitochondrial DNA is coupled with role- reversals and departure from neutrality in the mussel Mytilus trossulus
School of Biological Sciences, University of Wales, Swansea, United Kingdom.
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