Molecular Biology and Evolution, Vol 16, 298-309, Copyright © 1999 by Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution
M Dowton and AD Austin
The arrangement of tRNA genes at the junction of the cytochrome oxidase II
and ATPase 8 genes was examined across a broad range of Hymenoptera. Seven
distinct arrangements of tRNA genes were identified among a group of wasps
that have diverged over the last 180 Myr (suborder Apocrita); many of the
rearrangements represent evolutionarily independent events. Approximately
equal proportions of local rearrangements, inversions, and translocations
were observed, in contrast to vertebrate mitochondria, in which local
rearrangements predominate. Surprisingly, homoplasy was evident among
certain types of rearrangement; a reversal of the plesiomorphic gene order
has arisen on three separate occasions in the Insecta, while the tRNA(H)
gene has been translocated to this locus on two separate occasions.
Phylogenetic analysis indicates that this gene translocation is real and is
not an artifactual translocation resulting from the duplication of a
resident tRNA gene followed by mutation of the anticodon. The nature of the
intergenic sequences surrounding this region does not indicate that it
should be especially prone to rearrangement; it does not generally have the
tandem or inverted repeats that might facilitate this plasticity.
Intriguingly, these findings are consistent with the view that during the
evolution of the Hymenoptera, rearrangements increased at the same time
that the rate of point mutations and compositional bias also increased.
This association may direct investigations into mitochondrial genome
plasticity in other invertebrate lineages.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Evolutionary dynamics of a mitochondrial rearrangement "hot spot" in the Hymenoptera
Department of Crop Protection, Adelaide University, Glen Osmond, Australia. mark_dowton@uow.edu.au
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