Molecular Biology and Evolution, Vol 16, 1711-1723, Copyright © 1999 by Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution
F Vavre, F Fleury, D Lepetit, P Fouillet and M Bouletreau
Endosymbiotic Wolbachia infect a number of arthropod species in which they
can affect the reproductive system. While maternally transmitted, unlike
mitochondria their molecular phylogeny does not parallel that of their
hosts. This strongly suggests horizontal transmission among species, the
mechanisms of which remain unknown. Such transfers require intimate
between-species relationships, and thus host-parasite associations are
outstandingly appropriate for study. Here, we demonstrate that hymenopteran
parasitoids of frugivorous Drosophila species are especially susceptible to
Wolbachia infection. Of the five common European species, four proved to be
infected; furthermore, multiple infections are common, with one species
being doubly infected and two triply infected (first report). Phylogenetic
statuses of the Wolbachia infecting the different species of the community
have been studied using the gene wsp, a highly variable gene recently
described. This study reveals exciting similarities between the Wolbachia
variants found in parasitoids and their hosts. These arguments strongly
support the hypothesis of frequent natural Wolbachia transfers into other
species and open a new field for genetic exchanges among species,
especially in host-parasitoid associations.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Phylogenetic evidence for horizontal transmission of Wolbachia in host- parasitoid associations
Unite Mixte de Recherche Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 5558, Universite Claude Bernard, Villeurbanne, France. vavre@biomserv.univ-lyon1.fr
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