Molecular Biology and Evolution, Vol 16, 54-66, Copyright © 1999 by Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution
S Desset, C Conte, P Dimitri, V Calco, B Dastugue and C Vaury
We describe a novel transposition system in a line of Drosophila
melanogaster called RevI in which two retroelements are mobilized. These
elements are the retroelement ZAM, recently described in the literature,
and a novel element designated Idefix. Like ZAM, Idefix displays the
structural features of a vertebrate retrovirus. Its three open reading
frames encode predicted products resembling the products of the gag, pol,
and env genes of retroviruses. In situ hybridization and Southern analyses
performed on the RevI genome revealed the presence of some 20 copies of ZAM
and Idefix, whereas ZAM is absent and Idefix is present in only four copies
on the chromosomal arms of the original parental line. From RevI, a series
of mutations affecting eye coloration has been recovered. The genetic and
molecular analyses of these mutations have shown that most of them affected
the white locus through three rounds of mutational events. The first
mutational event was previously shown to be caused by a ZAM insertion 3 kb
upstream of the transcription start site of white. It confers a red-brick
phenotype to the orange eye coloration of the parental line. The second
event results from the insertion of an Idefix copy 1.7 kb upstream of the
transcription start site of the white gene, which modifies the red- brick
phenotype to orange. This second mutational event was recovered as a
recurrent specific mutation in 11 independent individuals. The third event
results from an additional Idefix located 1.7 kb upstream of white that is
responsible for the full reversion of the orange phenotype to red-brick.
The fact that such mutations due to recurrent appearances of both ZAM and
Idefix at the white locus result in such a variety of phenotypes brings to
light a new molecular system in which the interference of mobile elements
with the correct expression of the host gene can be tested.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Mobilization of two retroelements, ZAM and Idefix, in a novel unstable line of Drosophila melanogaster
INSERM U384, Faculte de Medecine, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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