Molecular Biology and Evolution, Vol 15, 1685-1695, Copyright © 1998 by Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution
G Lecointre, L Rachdi, P Darlu and E Denamur
Molecular phylogeny of the species Escherichia coli using the E. coli
reference (ECOR) collection strains has been hampered by (1) the absence of
rooting in the commonly used phenogram obtained from multilocus enzyme
electrophoresis (MLEE) data and (2) the existence of recombination events
between strains that scramble phylogenetic trees reconstructed from the
nucleotide sequences of genes. We attempted to determine the phylogeny for
E. coli based on the ECOR strain data by extracting from GenBank the
nucleotide sequences of 11 chromosomal structural and 2 plasmid genes for
which the Salmonella enterica homologous gene sequences were available. For
each of the 13 DNA data sets studied, incongruence with a nonnucleotide
whole-genome data set including MLEE, random amplified polymorphic DNA, and
rrn restriction fragment length polymorphism data was measured using the
incongruence length difference (ILD) test of Farris et al. As previously
reported, the incongruence observed between the gnd and plasmid gene data
and the whole-genome data was multiple, indicating numerous horizontal
transfer and/or recombination events. In five cases, the incongruence
detected by the ILD test was punctual, and the donor group was identified.
Congruence was not rejected for the remaining data sets. The strains
responsible for incongruences with the whole-genome data set were removed,
leading to a "prior-agreement" approach, i.e., the determination of a
phylogeny for E. coli based on several genes, excluding (1) the genes with
multiple incongruences with the whole genome data, (2) the strains
responsible for punctual incongruences, and (3) the genes incongruent with
each other. The obtained phylogeny shows that the most basal group of E.
coli strains is the B2 group rather than the A group, as generally thought.
The D group then emerges as the sister group of the rest. Finally, the A
and B1 groups are sister groups. Interestingly, the most primitive taxon
within E. coli in terms of branching pattern, i.e., the B2 group, includes
highly virulent extraintestinal strains with derived characters
(extraintestinal virulence determinants) occurring on its own branch.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Escherichia coli molecular phylogeny using the incongruence length difference test
Service de Systematique Moleculaire, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France.
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