Molecular Biology and Evolution, Vol 13, 1167-1173, Copyright © 1996 by Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution
X Xu, A Janke and U Arnason
The sequence (16,829 nt) of the complete mitochondrial genome of the
greater Indian rhinoceros, Rhinoceros unicornis, was determined. Like other
perissodactyls studied (horse and donkey) the rhinoceros demonstrates
length variation (heteroplasmy) associated with different numbers of
repetitive motifs in the control region. The 16,829-nt variety of the
molecule includes 36 identical control region motifs. The evolution of
individual peptide-coding genes was examined by comparison with a distantly
related perissodactyl, the horse, and the relationships among the orders
Carnivora, Perissodactyla, and Artiodactyla (+ Cetacea) were examined on
the basis of concatenated sequences of 12 mitochondrial peptide-coding
genes. The phylogenetic analyses grouped Carnivora, Perissodactyla, and
Artiodactyla (+ Cetacea) into a superordinal clade and within this clade a
sister group relationship was recognized between Carnivora and
Perissodactyla to the exclusion of Artiodactyla (+ Cetacea) . On the basis
of the molecular difference between the rhinoceros and the horse and by
applying as a reference to Artiodactyl/Cetacean divergence set at 60
million years ago (MYA), the evolutionary divergence between the families
Rhinocerotidae and Equidae was dated to approximately 50 MYA.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
The complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of the greater Indian rhinoceros, Rhinoceros unicornis, and the Phylogenetic relationship among Carnivora, Perissodactyla, and Artiodactyla (+ Cetacea)
Division of Evolutionary Molecular Systematics, University of Lund, Sweden.
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