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Molecular Biology and Evolution, Vol 13, 864-872, Copyright © 1996 by Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution

ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Synonymous codon bias is related to gene length in Escherichia coli: selection for translational accuracy?

A Eyre-Walker
Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, USA. eyrewalker@mbcl.rutgers.edu

The levels of synonymous codon bias is shown to be positively correlated to gene length in Escherichia coli genes which are thought to be expressed at similar levels; these are genes whose products are present in multimeric proteins in equimolar amounts. It is argued that the positive correlation could be caused by selection to avoid missense errors during translation. Since the cost of producing a protein is proportional to its length, selection in favor of codons which increase accuracy should be greater in longer genes, and long genes should therefore have higher synonymous codon bias. It is also shown that there is variation in synonymous codon use which is independent of either expression level, gene length, amino acid composition, or chromosomal location. This variation is consistent with selection for translational accuracy but may have other origins.
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