Molecular Biology and Evolution, Vol 13, 407-417, Copyright © 1996 by Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution
U Arnason and A Gullberg
Relationships among and within baleen and toothed whales were examined
using the complete sequence of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. Based
on parsimony analyses of conservative nucleotide substitutions, five
primary evolutionary lineages of extant cetaceans were identified, one
represented by baleen whales (Mysticeti) and four represented by
odontocetes (toothed whales). Based on the most comprehensive
representation of taxa, both cetaceans and artiodactyls, the most
parsimonious relationship among the five lineages is (Mysticeti, Odontoceti
(Platanistoidea (Physeteroidea (Ziphioidea (Delphinida))))). This
relationship, however, is labile and sensitive to ingroup representation
and the choice of outgroup. The short nodes among the five cetacean
lineages suggest that the divergence among these lineages occurred over a
narrow time period, a finding consistent with the limited fossil evidence
that indicates a major cetacean radiation 30-34 Mya. The level of
divergence among the five cetacean lineages, and that seen between
cetaceans and artiodactyls, suggests that cetaceans and artiodactyls had a
common ancestor approximately 60 Mya.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Cytochrome b nucleotide sequences and the identification of five primary lineages of extant cetaceans
Division of Evolutionary Molecular Systematics, University of Lund, Sweden. Ulfur.Arnason@gen.lu.se
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