Molecular Biology and Evolution, Vol 13, 1297-1305, Copyright © 1996 by Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution
PJ Keeling and WF Doolittle
The tubulin gene family, which includes alpha-,beta-, and gamma-tubulin
subfamilies, is composed of highly conserved proteins which are the
principle structural and functional components of eukaryotic microtubules.
We are interested in (1) establishing when in eukaryotic evolution the
duplications leading to paralogous alpha, beta, and gamma subfamilies
occurred and (2) the possible utility of tubulin sequences in
reconstructing organismal phylogeny. To broaden the taxonomic
representation of alpha-tubulins so that it roughly equals that of beta-
tubulins, alpha-tubulin genes from three Microsporidia (Encephalitozoon
hellem, Nosema locustae, and Spraguea lophii), two Parabasalia
(Monocercomonas sp. and Trichomitus batrachorum), and one Heterolobosean
(Acrasis rosea) were sequenced. With these new genes, phylogenetic trees of
alpha- and beta-tubulins were constructed and compared. Trees were
congruent with each other, but incongruent with other molecular
phylogenies. The agreement between alpha- and beta- tubulin trees could
arise by the co-adaptation of one molecule to variants of the other as a
result of their intimate steric association in microtubules. Thus, these
trees may not be providing independent support for the phylogenetic
results. However, one of these unexpected results, that microsporidia
cluster with fungi, is supported by other circumstantial evidence, and may
therefore reflect a real relationship despite the basal position usually
assigned to microsporidia. Relationships between the three tubulins were
also examined by constructing trees of all three types. These trees were
found to be of limited value for determining the position of the root
within each subfamily because of the great interfamily distances, but they
do confirm the classification of all known genes into three monophyletic
subfamilies. Divergent genes from Caenorhabditis elegans and Saccharomyces
cerevisiae that have been proposed to represent the novel classes delta-
and epsilon-tubulin were found to be specifically related to gamma-tubulins
from animals and fungi respectively, and therefore are best seen as rapidly
evolving orthologues of gamma- tubulin.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Alpha-tubulin from early-diverging eukaryotic lineages and the evolution of the tubulin family
Department of Biochemistry, Dalhousie University, Nova Scotia, Canada. pkeeling@is.dal.ca
CiteULike 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  L. Burri, B. A. P. Williams, D. Bursac, T. Lithgow, and P. J. Keeling Microsporidian mitosomes retain elements of the general mitochondrial targeting system PNAS, October 24, 2006; 103(43): 15916 - 15920. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. G. B. Simpson, Y. Inagaki, and A. J. Roger Comprehensive Multigene Phylogenies of Excavate Protists Reveal the Evolutionary Positions of "Primitive" Eukaryotes Mol. Biol. Evol., March 1, 2006; 23(3): 615 - 625. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. K. Philip, C. J. Creevey, and J. O. McInerney The Opisthokonta and the Ecdysozoa May Not Be Clades: Stronger Support for the Grouping of Plant and Animal than for Animal and Fungi and Stronger Support for the Coelomata than Ecdysozoa Mol. Biol. Evol., May 1, 2005; 22(5): 1175 - 1184. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Arisue, M. Hasegawa, and T. Hashimoto Root of the Eukaryota Tree as Inferred from Combined Maximum Likelihood Analyses of Multiple Molecular Sequence Data Mol. Biol. Evol., March 1, 2005; 22(3): 409 - 420. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. T. Harper, E. Waanders, and P. J. Keeling On the monophyly of chromalveolates using a six-protein phylogeny of eukaryotes Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, January 1, 2005; 55(1): 487 - 496. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. J. Keeling and C. H. Slamovits Simplicity and Complexity of Microsporidian Genomes Eukaryot. Cell, December 1, 2004; 3(6): 1363 - 1369. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. J. Baker, M. A. Lutz, S. C. Dawson, P. L. Bond, and J. F. Banfield Metabolically Active Eukaryotic Communities in Extremely Acidic Mine Drainage Appl. Envir. Microbiol., October 1, 2004; 70(10): 6264 - 6271. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. J. Keeling Diversity and evolutionary history of plastids and their hosts Am. J. Botany, October 1, 2004; 91(10): 1481 - 1493. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. A. Andersen Biology and systematics of heterokont and haptophyte algae Am. J. Botany, October 1, 2004; 91(10): 1508 - 1522. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Susko, Y. Inagaki, and A. J. Roger On Inconsistency of the Neighbor-Joining, Least Squares, and Minimum Evolution Estimation When Substitution Processes Are Incorrectly Modeled Mol. Biol. Evol., September 1, 2004; 21(9): 1629 - 1642. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. A. Best, H. G. Morrison, A. G. McArthur, M. L. Sogin, and G. J. Olsen Evolution of Eukaryotic Transcription: Insights From the Genome of Giardia lamblia Genome Res., August 1, 2004; 14(8): 1537 - 1547. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Inagaki, E. Susko, N. M. Fast, and A. J. Roger Covarion Shifts Cause a Long-Branch Attraction Artifact That Unites Microsporidia and Archaebacteria in EF-1{alpha} Phylogenies Mol. Biol. Evol., July 1, 2004; 21(7): 1340 - 1349. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. M. Fast, J. S. Law, B. A. P. Williams, and P. J. Keeling Bacterial Catalase in the Microsporidian Nosema locustae: Implications for Microsporidian Metabolism and Genome Evolution Eukaryot. Cell, October 1, 2003; 2(5): 1069 - 1075. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. A. Dewel, M. U. Connell, and W. C. Dewel Bridging Morphological Transitions to the Metazoa Integr. Comp. Biol., February 1, 2003; 43(1): 28 - 46. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Jenkins, R. Samudrala, I. Anderson, B. P. Hedlund, G. Petroni, N. Michailova, N. Pinel, R. Overbeek, G. Rosati, and J. T. Staley Genes for the cytoskeletal protein tubulin in the bacterial genus Prosthecobacter PNAS, December 24, 2002; 99(26): 17049 - 17054. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. R. Swanson, F. W. Spiegel, and J. C. Cavender Taxonomy, slime molds, and the questions we ask Mycologia, November 1, 2002; 94(6): 968 - 979. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. B. Dacks, A. Marinets, W. Ford Doolittle, T. Cavalier-Smith, and J. M. Logsdon Jr Analyses of RNA Polymerase II Genes from Free-Living Protists: Phylogeny, Long Branch Attraction, and the Eukaryotic Big Bang Mol. Biol. Evol., June 1, 2002; 19(6): 830 - 840. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. P. Edgcomb, A. G. B. Simpson, L. A. Zettler, Thomas. A. Nerad, D. J. Patterson, M. E. Holder, and M. L. Sogin Pelobionts are Degenerate Protists: Insights from Molecules and Morphology Mol. Biol. Evol., June 1, 2002; 19(6): 978 - 982. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Bapteste, H. Brinkmann, J. A. Lee, D. V. Moore, C. W. Sensen, P. Gordon, L. Durufle, T. Gaasterland, P. Lopez, M. Muller, et al. The analysis of 100 genes supports the grouping of three highly divergent amoebae: Dictyostelium, Entamoeba, and Mastigamoeba PNAS, February 5, 2002; 99(3): 1414 - 1419. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. S. Horner and T. M. Embley Chaperonin 60 Phylogeny Provides Further Evidence for Secondary Loss of Mitochondria Among Putative Early-Branching Eukaryotes Mol. Biol. Evol., October 1, 2001; 18(10): 1970 - 1975. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Loytynoja and M. C. Milinkovitch Molecular phylogenetic analyses of the mitochondrial ADP-ATP carriers: The Plantae/Fungi/Metazoa trichotomy revisited PNAS, August 17, 2001; (2001) 181187698. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. J. Keeling Foraminifera and Cercozoa Are Related in Actin Phylogeny: Two Orphans Find a Home? Mol. Biol. Evol., August 1, 2001; 18(8): 1551 - 1557. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. P. Edgcomb, A. J. Roger, A. G. B. Simpson, D. T. Kysela, and M. L. Sogin Evolutionary Relationships Among "Jakobid" Flagellates as Indicated by Alpha- and Beta-Tubulin Phylogenies Mol. Biol. Evol., April 1, 2001; 18(4): 514 - 522. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. G. Morrison, A. J. Roger, T. G. Nystul, F. D. Gillin, and M. L. Sogin Giardia lamblia Expresses a Proteobacterial-like DnaK Homolog Mol. Biol. Evol., April 1, 2001; 18(4): 530 - 541. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Peyret, M. D. Katinka, S. Duprat, F. Duffieux, V. Barbe, M. Barbazanges, J. Weissenbach, W. Saurin, and C. P. Vivarès Sequence and Analysis of Chromosome I of the Amitochondriate Intracellular Parasite Encephalitozoon cuniculi (Microspora) Genome Res., February 1, 2001; 11(2): 198 - 207. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. G. Kurland and S. G. E. Andersson Origin and Evolution of the Mitochondrial Proteome Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev., December 1, 2000; 64(4): 786 - 820. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. L. Baldauf, A. J. Roger, I. Wenk-Siefert, and W. F. Doolittle A Kingdom-Level Phylogeny of Eukaryotes Based on Combined Protein Data Science, November 3, 2000; 290(5493): 972 - 977. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. M. Archibald, J. M. Logsdon Jr., and W. F. Doolittle Origin and Evolution of Eukaryotic Chaperonins: Phylogenetic Evidence for Ancient Duplications in CCT Genes Mol. Biol. Evol., October 1, 2000; 17(10): 1456 - 1466. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y.-i. Watanabe and M. W. Gray Evolutionary appearance of genes encoding proteins associated with box H/ACA snoRNAs: Cbf5p in Euglena gracilis, an early diverging eukaryote, and candidate Gar1p and Nop10p homologs in archaebacteria Nucleic Acids Res., June 15, 2000; 28(12): 2342 - 2352. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I Huttenlauch, R. Peck, U Plessmann, K Weber, and R Stick Characterisation of two articulins, the major epiplasmic proteins comprising the membrane skeleton of the ciliate Pseudomicrothorax J. Cell Sci., June 8, 2000; 111(14): 1909 - 1919. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Philippe* and and A. Germot Phylogeny of Eukaryotes Based on Ribosomal RNA: Long-Branch Attraction and Models of Sequence Evolution Mol. Biol. Evol., May 1, 2000; 17(5): 830 - 834. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 W. Bohne, D. J. P. Ferguson, K. Kohler, and U. Gross Developmental Expression of a Tandemly Repeated, Glycine- and Serine-Rich Spore Wall Protein in the Microsporidian Pathogen Encephalitozoon cuniculi Infect. Immun., April 1, 2000; 68(4): 2268 - 2275. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. L. Braun, A. L. Halpern, M. A. Nelson, and D. O. Natvig Large-Scale Comparison of Fungal Sequence Information: Mechanisms of Innovation in Neurospora crassa and Gene Loss in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Genome Res., April 1, 2000; 10(4): 416 - 430. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. J. Keeling, M. A. Luker, and J. D. Palmer Evidence from Beta-Tubulin Phylogeny that Microsporidia Evolved from Within the Fungi Mol. Biol. Evol., January 1, 2000; 17(1): 23 - 31. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Franzen and A. Muller Molecular Techniques for Detection, Species Differentiation, and Phylogenetic Analysis of Microsporidia Clin. Microbiol. Rev., April 1, 1999; 12(2): 243 - 285. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. W. Gray, G. Burger, and B. F. Lang Mitochondrial Evolution Science, March 5, 1999; 283(5407): 1476 - 1481. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. P. Hirt, J. M. Logsdon Jr., B. Healy, M. W. Dorey, W. F. Doolittle, and T. M. Embley Microsporidia are related to Fungi: Evidence from the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II and other proteins PNAS, January 19, 1999; 96(2): 580 - 585. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. W. Stiller, E. C. S. Duffield, and B. D. Hall Amitochondriate amoebae and the evolution of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase II PNAS, September 29, 1998; 95(20): 11769 - 11774. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. Chioralia, T. Trammer, H. Kampen, and H. M. Seitz Relevant Criteria for Detecting Microsporidia in Stool Specimens J. Clin. Microbiol., August 1, 1998; 36(8): 2279 - 2283. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I Huttenlauch, R. Peck, and R Stick Articulins and epiplasmins: two distinct classes of cytoskeletal proteins of the membrane skeleton in protists J. Cell Sci., January 11, 1998; 111(22): 3367 - 3378. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. L. Baldauf and W. F. Doolittle Origin and evolution of the slime molds (Mycetozoa) PNAS, October 28, 1997; 94(22): 12007 - 12012. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Loytynoja and M. C. Milinkovitch Molecular phylogenetic analyses of the mitochondrial ADP-ATP carriers: The Plantae/Fungi/Metazoa trichotomy revisited PNAS, August 28, 2001; 98(18): 10202 - 10207. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|