Molecular Biology and Evolution, Vol 1, 109-124, Copyright © 1983 by Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution
BG Hall, S Yokoyama and DH Calhoun
Cryptic genes are phenotypically silent DNA sequences, not normally
expressed during the life cycle of an individual. They may, however, be
activated in a few individuals of a large population by mutation,
recombination, insertion elements, or other genetic mechanisms. A
consideration of the microbial literature concerning biochemical evolution,
physiology, and taxonomy provides the basis for a hypothesis of microbial
adaptation and evolution by mutational activation of cryptic genes.
Evidence is presented, and a mathematical model is derived, indicating that
powerful and biologically important mechanisms exist to prevent the loss of
cryptic genes. We propose that cryptic genes persist as a vital element of
the genetic repertoire, ready for recall by mutational activation in future
generations. Cryptic genes provide a versatile endogenous genetic reservoir
that enhances the adaptive potential of a species by a mechanism that is
independent of genetic exchange.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Role of cryptic genes in microbial evolution
Biological Sciences Group, University of Connecticut, Storrs 06268.
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